Concept preview

What you will be able to do

1. 01Use $n = cV$ to bring a solution into a stoichiometry calculation
2. 02Explain a titration and the equivalence point
3. 03Calculate an unknown concentration from titration data

When a reactant or product is in solution, its amount is described by molarity, and the equation $c = \dfrac{n}{V}$ — rearranged to $n = cV$ — is the bridge between the solution and moles. Once you have moles, the mole ratio works exactly as before. A caution: do not use $22.4\ \text{L/mol}$ for a solution volume; the molar volume applies only to gases at STP, while $n = cV$ applies to solutions.